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The subject of the book is a biography of the theoretical physicist Arnold Sommerfeld (1868-1951). Although Sommerfeld is famous as a quantum theorist for the elaboration of the semi-classical atomic theory (Bohr-Sommerfeld model, Sommerfeld's fine-structure constant), his role in the history of modern physics is not confined to atoms and quanta.
Sommerfeld left his mark in the history of mathematics, fluid mechanics, a number of physical subdisciplines and, in particular, as founder of a most productive "school" (Peter Debye, Wolfgang Pauli, Werner Heisenberg, Linus Pauling and Hans Bethe were his pupils, to name only the Nobel laureates among them). This biography is to a large extent based on primary source material (correspondence, diaries, unpublished manuscripts). It should be of particular interest to students who are keen to know more about the historical roots of modern science.
Sommerfeld lived through turbulent times of German history (Wilhelmian Empire, Weimar Republic, Nazi period). His life, therefore, illustrates how science and scientists perform in changing social environments. From this perspective, the biography should also attract readers with a general interest in the history of science and technology.
- Sales Rank: #2295120 in eBooks
- Published on: 2013-06-24
- Released on: 2013-06-24
- Format: Kindle eBook
Review
“Michael Eckert has written a remarkable biography of Arnold Sommerfeld (1868–1951) … . There is much that is new in Eckert’s extremely informative and readable biography of Sommerfeld. I recommend it highly.” (S. S. Schweber, Metascience, Vol. 24, 2015)
From the Back Cover
Arnold Sommerfeld (1868-1951) belongs with Max Planck (1858-1947), Albert Einstein (1879-1955) and Niels Bohr (1885-1962) among the founders of modern theoretical physics, a science that developed into a budding discipline during his lifetime. Sommerfeld witnessed many of the most dramatic scientific, cultural and political events of this era. His correspondence with his family offers a vivid testament to the challenges and joys of a life in science.
This biography attempts to reconstruct Sommerfeld’s life and work not only from the perspective of his achievements in theoretical physics but also with the goal of portraying the career of a scientist within the social and political environment in which it evolved. It is based to a large extent on Sommerfeld’s voluminous correspondence, which sheds light both on his private and scientific life. Furthermore, it provides an authentic view on the circumstances that shaped Sommerfeld’s career in different places – Königsberg, Göttingen, Clausthal, Aachen, Munich – and in different institutional and disciplinary settings – mineralogy, mathematics, engineering, physics. Although this biography is not a study of Sommerfeld’s school, it also renders transparent what made this group of physicists so unique and gave its founder the aura of a charismatic teacher. This becomes particularly evident in the reverence with which he was received by his hosts during his travels all over the world – travels that Sommerfeld perceived as cultural missions. International politics, personal zeal and scientific interests became closely entangled at such occasions. Such an entanglement is by no means uncommon in the history of science – but it is rarely observed so persistently as in Sommerfeld’s case.
About the Author
Michael Eckert studied physics at the Technical University of Munich and received his Ph.D in theoretical physics from the University of Bayreuth in 1979. He has dedicated his career to the history of physics. Since 1981, Dr. Eckert has been engaged in several projects on the history of modern physics at the Deutsches Museum, Munich. He has authored and co-authored books and articles on such diverse specialties as the history of solid state physics, plasma physics, and fluid dynamics. This biography is the culmination of a long historical research endeavor on Arnold Sommerfeld at the Deutsches Museum that has included the editing of Sommerfeld's scientific correspondence in two volumes (2000 and 2004).
Most helpful customer reviews
7 of 7 people found the following review helpful.
The life of a pioneer of modern theoretical physics
By Pichierri Fabio
Eckert's book represents the first biography of the great physicist Arnold Sommerfeld (1868-1951), a pioneer of modern physics that established his school of theoretical physics in Munich at the beginning of the 20-th century. Readers will be interested to learn that Sommerfeld was trained in mathematics and worked with Felix Klein in Gottingen, the world's center of mathematics during the first half of the 20-th century. In his early career as mathematician, he constructed the harmonic analyzer, an instrument used in the calculation of the amplitudes of a Fourier series, and cultivated a strong interest in mathematical physics (or physical mathematics, as written inside the book). In chapter 1, is shown an interesting picture with the young Sommerfeld nearby the analyzer however details about the working of the instruments are not given. A characteristic of Eckert's book is that about half of the text appears inside quotations " " and is concerned with the words written by Sommerfeld and other personalities in their correspondences. If, on the one side, this brings on the surface the original words of the protagonists, on the other it makes the reading less smooth that of a plain biography.
An important aspect that has been left out from the book is the correspondence concerned with the great joy that Sommerfeld must had felt when his former students (Werner Heisenberg, Wolfgang Pauli, and Peter Debye) were awarded the Nobel prize (Heisenberg and Pauli received the physics prize in 1932 and 1945, respectively, while Debye received the chemistry prize in 1936 - Hans Bethe, also a former student of Sommerfeld, received the physics prize in 1967, sixteen years after his mentor passed away).
In spite of the above shortcomings, this biography is very worth reading not only for understanding the outstanding scientific contributions of Sommerfeld (among them the fine-structure constant, alpha) and his pupils but also for understanding the environment and people that surrounded him in a period that covers two world wars. Particularly interesting are the sections related to the scientific trips that Sommerfeld made in India, Japan, and the United States. A book that complements Eckert's biography is Suman Seth's book Crafting the Quantum: Arnold Sommerfeld and the Practice of Theory, 1890-1926, published in 2010.
Hereafter it follows a short list of errata:
a) page 141: Max Born (1882-1909) -> (1882-1970)
b) page 293: Paul -> Pauli
c) page 302: illustrissime amice -> illustrissimo amico
d) page 318: Empirical University of Tokyo -> Imperial University of Tokyo
e) page 465: Index -> Index of Names (the general index is not included inside the book)
f) page 471: Wick, Gian Carlo, 386 -> 384
4 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
Brilliant analysis!!
By Samuel Smith
Fabulous analysis of Sommerfeld, clearly written by an expert!! Lucid writing style yet very scholarly and recommended for anyone interested in German physics and culture!!
Unlike other fluffy narratives about Sommerfeld, Eckert's analysis is rigorous and locates Sommerfeld very well as a modern scientist.
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